Brief Review: Part of The Legacy of William Moulton Marston

The Lie Detector Polygraph - Marston's earliest years

In many places Marston is credited with development of the sphygmomanometer, blood pressure measurement, or the systolic blood pressure test.  That is not accurate.   Nothing could be farther from the truth!   He missed that invention by 250 years.  What he did invent is the unique adaptation of blood pressure and physical body changes in the invention of the first functional lie detector apparatus. His first paper on truthfulness was written in 1913.  He would be dismayed at the un-truths told of him today.  He wrote a second paper in 1915 as he finished undergraduate studies at Harvard.  Marston entered Harvard Law School and graduated in 1918, simultaneously formally publishing his early polygraph findings in 1917 on the lie detection invention.  The innovative machine was used in World War I and the above picture is part of Givler's publication of 1920 showing Marston in the center.   William Moulton Marston used the lie detector and had several significant events with the lie detector, but it was 1938 before he wrote of it again extensively.  Why the lie detector or lies as a field of study?  Well... there's more to come about that.

DISC - Dominance, Influence, Submission, Compliance -
Marston's 1920's research and work in Psychology, Emotions, and Behavior

The model here is close to  Marston's DISC original model and theory.  William Moulton Marston became Dr. Marston in 1921 when he completed doctoral studies at Harvard in the newly developing field of Psychology.  In the early 20's Marston's work continued to be significant in the courts and legal system, however, it evolved in 1924 when he first studied the concepts of will and power and their effect on personality and human behavior.

These findings contributed greatly to the field of psychology as did his work in consciousness, colors, primary emotions, and bodily symptoms.  He wrote prolifically; as well as contributing to the doctoral theses of two significant persons in the field of psychology.  The picture to the right shows Marston researching Emotions of Normal People, the 1928 book which formally presenting his findings; but he had written about DISC four years earlier, and he published a second book on DISC, Integrative Psychology, in 1931.

Marston really wanted to develop a unit of measurement of energy, mental energy.  DISC came, by design, from his search for measurements of the energy of behavior and consciousness.  William Moulton Marston did NOT develop the DISC test or assessment.  In fact, he never used it as an assessment at all.  However, in 1930, his best friend did use it as an assessment in a book on success and it was published as one of the first in the newly emerging field of Self-Help publications.  The current DISC theory and model is known with the more contemporary and appropriate terms of:  Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, & Conscientiousness.

Very practically, Marston did substantially apply his DISC model and theory in the real world when he consulted with Universal Studios in 1930 to help them transition from silent picture movies to "talking picture" movies.  Even today it is easy to see the remnants of that contribution to the entertainment industry.  After 1931, Marston never mentioned DISC again!  It seems he would find, or not find, the answers he was seeking, lose interest, and then move to a new area of innovation and creativity.  But today we still use DISC in all settings, in use for over 36 years, taken by over 50 million people, and 2004 research introduced new models using Marston's original findings.  And... well... there's more to come about that too!

You can  take the DISC Assessment Online and know your DISC pattern style in 15 minutes!

Writing for the Public - Historical Novels and Self-Help Books

William Moulton Marston placed his entire focus in life on "normal" people.  He was most interested in the common, ordinary, day-to-day challenges which people meet.  He was not interested in psychotic, mental illness, or "crazy" behavior.  He wanted to help those who needed it most.  He also wanted to help himself earn a living to support a growing family in the midst of the depression.  In 2007 we will see Marston enjoy a bit of reintroduction with his work... well, there's more to come on that too...

Venus With Us: A Tale of the Caesar, was Marston's 1932 historical novel.  It was republished in 1953 as The Private Life of Julius Caesar, after Marston's death, to capitalize on the release of a film by Universal with the same name.  Three other books followed through 1939 on topics of popularity, courage, attitudes, and determination and they were mass marketed to the public in the emerging self-help industry.  A century later Marston's finest work remains in either the entertainment, judicial, or self-help training industry.  He was a creative genius in the art of finding those universal truths valued by all.  Ever a devotee of all manner of entertainment, he even wrote a biography of F.F. Proctor, Vaudeville Pioneer in 1943 in the midst of his greatest contribution to entertainment, Wonder Woman.

Wonder Woman - An Innovation by William Moulton Marston as Charles Moulton:
A culmination of all that had come before

Marston's was schooled in the Greek and Roman classics as a young man.  He also was intimately and personally involved with earliest movements for women's rights to birth control, women's rights to vote, women's rights to work... he was most definitely a champion for women.  Gloria Steinem acknowledges his contributions to herself and to women, many years after Marston's death, when she published the first issue of Ms. Magazine. Knowing that, it is no surprise that William Moulton Marston's most famous work is the creation of the comic book heroine, Wonder Woman.

Wonder Woman emerges on the scene in December 1941 in #8 of the All Star Comics (picture on the left).  Her picture was not on the cover in 1941.  She is not even mentioned in the publicity.  She arrived without fanfare. She debuts on the cover in 1942.   She is created and brilliantly presented with Greek and Roman goddess archetypes, she uses a lasso for truth, and her heroic behaviors have will, power, and the use of the behavioral style dimensions of DISC, dominance, influence, submission, and compliance, to accomplish her missions. Much has been contrived about a sexual bondage connection to some of Wonder Woman's behaviors.  They are simply from those who forget that William Moulton Marston wrote not only for entertainment, but he wrote to get a message across.  Wonder Woman gained front page Sensation Comics presentation in January 1942 (picture on right and it only took her a few months to become so popular that DC Comics gave her her own issue in the Summer of 1942. 

It would seem that neither Max Gaines of DC Comics nor William Moulton Marston were absolutely certain how a female heroine would be accepted.  Max Gaines put her in the back of a comic at first and William Moulton Marston, a well-known psychologist, used a pen name writing as Charles Moulton.  They need not have worried.  She was a hit. 

Wonder Woman remains a popular model and heroine and in 2007 we will enjoy a new reintroduction in the movies theaters of our classic goddess creation of Marston's.  Marston's legacy continues.  There's more to come on that too....

Summary

We delight in the contributions of Marston.  If there were only one sentence to describe this big, jolly, laughing, outgoing innovative genius it would be:  "William Moulton Marston simply had enough love to go around."  He had enough love for everyone and for everything in his life.

You can take the DISC Assessment Online and Know your DISC style from Marston in 15 minutes!

Look for the full Psychobiography of William Moulton Marston coming soon.

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Reproduction, distribution, copying, modeling or any derivative strictly prohibited.

What William Moulton Marston Said

For a detailed overview of the genius of William Moulton Marston Click Here.  The Original DISC Personality Behavior Model? Probably Not.  This is NOT the Marston Model as everyone claims.  This is an interpretation of his model by Dr John Geier and new research findings bear that out.  Some of those new findings can be found as the basis of the new Everything DISC Facilitation System for trainers and the new models can be found in the DISC Classic online assessment tests and the DISC Facilitator and Team Group reports in the EPIC Online Profiles.  William Moulton Marston, Emotions of Normal People, 1928; William Moulton Marston, Integrative Psychology, 1930. William Moulton Marston, Wonder Woman, The Lie Detector, DISC, and NeuroPhysiology?  Yes, one man!

DISC CLASSIC PROFILE TESTS Traditional Graphs Model	DISC APPLICATIONS PROFILES DISC Circle Model
The traditional, original tests 28-item forced choice questions Profile results are shown on GRAPHS We consider DISC Classic reliable, solid, and useful for many applications.  It is also most branded and well-known for 36 years.	Newer test profile assessments 79-item rating choice questions Profile results are shown on CIRCLES We consider Everything DISC profiles to be more researched, more valid, yielding more consistent interpretation. Simpler to use.
DISC CLASSIC ONLINE TESTS	DISC APPLICATIONS ONLINE TESTS
Traditional, basic, generic, DISC tests. DISC CLASSIC Graphs model with fully interpreted, instant, online reports.  Online Classic 2.0, Classic 2 PLUS, and Group reports. Classic is only DISC in paper format.	NEW DISC circle model profiles online.  Instant fully interpreted reports for: Workplace, Management, Leadership, and Sales.  DISC Group Culture reports.  EPIC users free Comparison reports.
DISC CLASSIC Assessment Tests (Includes online assessment & report) Price DISC Classic 2.0 View Samples:  English,   Spanish Other Languages:  French,   German,  Italian $26 to $36 DISC Classic 2 PLUS (In-depth Classic) Has 6 Supplements: Managing, Relating, Selling View Samples:  English,   Spanish $59.95 DISC Classic Group Facilitator Report (Public price: $100 per group)  Sample $100 DISC Classic Group Culture Report Available to EPIC Client Users EPIC Users DISC Classic Team View (non-narrative) (Public price: $100 per group)  Sample $100	DISC Applications Assessment Tests (Includes online assessment & report) Price Everything DISC Workplace Test More Info      View Sample $39.95 Everything DISC Management Test More Info      View Sample $69.95 Everything DISC Sales Test More Info      View Sample $69.95 New Everything DISC Profiles Test More Info      View Sample Coming Soon Everything DISC Group Reports (Public price: $100 per group) View Sample $100 Everything DISC Comparisons Sample A to B and B to A EPIC Users DISC Classic Group Culture Report Available to EPIC Client Users EPIC users
Note:  DISC Classic and DISC Applications are two separate tests.  Interpretation, applications, uses, results, reports, trainer materials, trainer kits, certifications DO NOT mix and match in the two families.
DISC CLASSIC TRAINER KITS	DISC APPLICATIONS TRAINER KITS
DISC CLASSIC Facilitation System.  Trainer Manual.  DVD. PowerPoints.  Resources CD.  Modular Design. For customizing training programs.  See DISC Classic Trainer Kit	Everything DISC Applications Trainer Kits: Specific for each profile. Modular, portable design. Workplace Kit Info  •   Management Kit Info  Sales Kit Info   •  Leadership Kit  Info
DISC CLASSIC CERTIFICATION	DISC APPLICATIONS CERTIFICATION
Using the DISC CLASSIC Trainer Kit and your EPIC account you can become certified in DISC Classic.   Info  o   Agenda or Register	Using your choice of the Applications' Trainer Kits, you can become certified in DISC Applications.  Info   Agenda   Register

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EPIC DISC CLIENT ADMINISTRATOR ONLINE ACCOUNTS - Free Setup Your Private Label & Branding Solution:  No Software or Licensing Needed

EPIC is an online account system for our clients.  EPIC is the ultimate Do It Yourself (DIY) system that enables private labeling, independence, and maximum control.  EPIC delivers online access codes for respondents and archives results and reports in your online account.   SAVE with EPIC advantages and private labeling.  EPIC puts you in control with an EPIC DISC Client Administrator Account.  Order Free Setup Today.

An EPIC Administrator Client account is recommended if:

• You have larger numbers of people (25+) and/or an on-going need for online assessments.

• You want to archive results for group reports or free comparison reports not available to the public.

• You need to select when and if participants see results of their online assessments.

• You want total control and 24/7 privileged access, with logo and private label branding.

• NOTE: If you have a one time only project, it may be simpler to just order multiple DISC reports and a Team/Group report, in lieu of setting up an EPIC account for one time use.

How Does EPIC Work?   CREDITS.

• EPIC has 40+ assessments available.  Each assessment has a CREDIT value assigned.

• You order CREDITS for your EPIC account at quantity savings less than individual access codes.

• CREDITS are used for any assessment in the EPIC system.

• Credits may be added at any time on an as-need basis and do not expire.

• No fees, renewals, or minimums. Login must occur every 12 months. Email must be current

Calculating Credits Needed for EPIC Client Accounts - Most common examples
EPIC Assessment & Report	Credits per person	EPIC Assessment & Report	Credits per person
DISC Classic Product Family (older traditional graph model)		Everything DISC Applications Product Family  (new circle model)
DISC Classic 2	10 Credits	Everything DISC Workplace Profile	15 Credits
DISC Classic 2 PLUS (6 add on's)	20 Credits	Everything DISC Management Profile	25 Credits
DISC CLASSIC Group Reports	15 Credits	Everything DISC Sales Profile	25 Credits
NON-DISC Profiles in EPIC Accounts		New Everything DISC Profiles	Soon
Team Dimensions, Listening, Coping & Stress, Diversity, Time Mastery, Work Expectations	10 Credits	Everything DISC Group Reports	25 Credits
	10 Credits	Everything DISC Comparison Reports	FREE
Total Credits needed = Multiply # of participants times credits needed per person Cost per Person = Multiply cost per credit times # of Credits needed for Profile

Steps to Set Up Your New EPIC Client Account:   Order EPIC Account Setup

1. Select the Assessment and Product Family you will be using.  Review samples and trainer kits.

2. Use the Calculating Credits chart to determine number of total credits initially needed.

3. Order one of the EPIC Setup Starter Packages to obtain the Trainer Kits and credits you need.

4. We set up your new account with your logo and credits, usually within 2 hours, during business hours.  We email your USER ID and password to you.  Account is available for immediate use.

FREE EPIC DISC Client Administrator Account Setup Options:   Order EPIC Account Setup

EPIC Starter Pkg	Setup	Your Logo?	Credits	10  CREDIT TESTS # and Cost per 10 Credit Test	15  CREDIT TESTS # and Cost per 15 Credit Test	25  CREDIT TESTS # and Cost per 25 Credit Test	Training material with setup package Note: DISC Classic trainer kits can ONLY be used with DISC Classic tests.	Price
ES-1	Free	Yes	50	5 / $39.99	3 / $66.65	2 / $99.98	None	$199.95
ES-2	Free	Yes	150	15 / $26.65	10 / $39.95	6 / $66.65	None	$399.95
ES-3	Free	Yes	400	40 / $25.00	26 / $38.45	16 / $62.50	None	$999.95
ES-4 DISC Classic	Free	Yes	400	40 / $25.00 Kit = $1495	N/A	N/A	DISC CLASSIC Full Trainer Kit: Manual, DVD, Cards, PowerPoint CD	$2495
ES-5	Free	Yes	1000	100 / $22.95	66 / $34.78	40 / $57.35	NO Trainer Materials in #5 Best Startup Package Value for Credits only	$2295
ES-6 DISC Mgmt	Free	Yes	200	N/A	N/A	8 tests @ $68.00 Kit = $950	DISC Management Profile Trainer Kit: USB, Manual, PowerPoints w/ Video, 24 Guides	$1499
ES-7 DISC Sales	Free	Yes	200	N/A	N/A	8 tests @ $68.00 Kit = $950	DISC Sales Profile Trainer Kit: USB, Manual, PowerPoints w/ Video, 24 Guides	$1499
ES-8 DISC Work Place	Free	Yes	150	N/A	10 tests @ $39.99 Kit = $950	N/A	DISC Workplace Profile Trainer Kit: USB, Manual, PowerPoints w/ Video, 24 Guides	$1349

Notes: EPIC is only recommended if you need control, private label, and/or have ongoing need.

Q: Is Certification needed to use DISC Profile tests?    A: No, you do not need to be certified.